The School of Resources and Geosciences originated from the Department of Coal Geology. In 1950, our university moved from Jiaozuo to Tianjin and was renamed China University of Mining and Technology. At that time, the Department of Geotechnical Engineering was established. In 1951, the Department of Coal Geology and Engineering was founded. In 1953, the university moved to Beijing and was renamed Beijing University of Mining and Technology, with the establishment of the Department of Coal Geology. In 1970, the university moved to Sichuan Province and was renamed Sichuan University of Mining and Technology. The Department of Coal Geology grew under difficult circumstances. In 1978, the university's name was restored to China University of Mining and Technology. In 1980, the university moved to Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province. In 1988, the university was renamed China University of Mining and Technology, and the Department of Coal Geology rapidly developed and expanded. In 1995, the "School of Resources and Environmental Sciences" was established based on the Department of Coal Geology, with a significant expansion of its academic fields. In 2000, the university underwent a departmental adjustment, and the school was renamed the School of Resources and Geosciences.

The college is currently composed of Department of Geology, Department of Geophysics, Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, Department of Geological Engineering, Department of Earth Information Science, and the Experimental Center. The college now has 173 staff members, including 128 full-time teachers, among whom there are 42 professors and 68 associate professors. At present, the student population is 1,679, including 969 undergraduates, 561 postgraduates, and 149 doctoral students.

The college has three first-level discipline doctoral programs in "Geological Resources and Geological Engineering", "Geology", and "Geophysics". Among them, "Mineral Exploration and Development" is a national key discipline, "Geological Resources and Geological Engineering" is a first-level discipline key discipline of Jiangsu Province, a national key discipline first-level discipline cultivation point, and a project of "Jiangsu Province's Advantage Discipline Construction Project"; "Geology" is a first-level discipline key discipline of Jiangsu Province. It has two postdoctoral research stations, 12 second-level discipline doctoral programs, two professional degree doctoral programs, five first-level discipline master's programs, 17 second-level discipline master's programs, and two professional degree master's fields (geological engineering and water conservancy engineering). It participates in the construction of two national key laboratories, namely "National Key Laboratory of Coal Precision Exploration and Intelligent Development" and "National Key Laboratory of Deep Engineering Intelligent Construction and Health Operation". It also has the "Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Coalbed Methane Resources and Accumulation Process", the "Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Deep Zero Carbon and Negative Carbon Technology in Mining Areas", the "Ministry of Emergency Management Key Laboratory of Advanced Detection and Early Warning of Geology and Disasters in Mining Areas", the "National Professional Center Laboratory for Basic Research on Mine Water Hazard Prevention and Control Technology", the "International Research Center of Coal Geology", and the "China University of Mining and Technology Geothermal Resources Research Center".

The college currently offers five undergraduate programs: Resource Exploration Engineering, Geological Engineering, Geophysics, Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering, and Geoinformation Science and Technology. Among them, Resource Exploration Engineering and Geological Engineering are both national first-class programs, and Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering is a first-class program in Jiangsu Province. All three of these programs have passed professional assessment and accreditation. Additionally, Geological Engineering is a national characteristic professional construction point, a brand program in Jiangsu Province, and a key program in Jiangsu Province during the 12th Five-Year Plan. Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering and Geophysics are brand programs in Jiangsu Province. The Basic Experiment Teaching Center for Mine Geology is a provincial experimental teaching demonstration center. The college has formed a reasonable discipline layout with a complete range of geoscience disciplines, distinct engineering characteristics, and coordinated development of science and engineering. It has a high-quality teaching staff with strong academic and teaching-research capabilities, as well as advanced experimental facilities and research conditions. It has become one of the important bases for high-level academic research and talent cultivation in the field of geoscience in China.